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Aspects

aspect
completion
continuous
duration
perfect

The aspect of a verb does not indicate when an action takes place in time; it rather shows the relationship between the action and the passage of time as seen from the speaker's point of view.

The forms of the gerund

aspect
form
gerund
passive
perfect
simple

The gerund is an -ing form. It can be simple or perfect, active or passive:

The forms of the infinitive

aspect
continuous
form
infinitive
passive
perfect
simple

An infinitive can be a to-infinitive or a bare infinitive (without to). There is no difference in meaning between them; some structures require a to-infinitive, while others call for a bare infinitive:

I ought to call them. (to-infinitive)
I had better call them. (bare infinitive)

The forms of the participle

aspect
form
participle
past participle
perfect
perfect participle
present participle
  Active Passive
Present participle writing being written
Perfect participle having written having been written
Past participle written written

The past participle used to form the perfect aspect

aspect
past participle
perfect

The past participle is used to form the perfect aspect (have + past participle) in perfect tenses, infinitives, gerunds and the perfect participle:

The perfect continuous aspect

aspect
continuous
duration
perfect
period of time
point in time

have + been + verb-ing

The perfect continuous is not considered as an aspect in itself; it is rather a combination of the perfect and continuous aspects.

The present participle used to form the continuous aspect

aspect
continuous
present participle

The present participle is used to form the continuous aspect (be + present participle) in continuous and perfect continuous tenses and infinitives: